Relatos de partos y parteras campesinas en Brasil: los cuentos hacen pensar
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Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad
de Ciencias Sociales
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A pesar de la hegemonía de la medicalización de la asistencia al parto, hay
diversas regiones del mundo donde hasta hoy muchas mujeres alumbran en sus
hogares con auxilio de parteras. Esta es la realidad en algunas regiones
rurales de Brasil, donde las parteras hacen partos según los conocimientos
y técnicas de sus sistemas de creencias. La OMS, dentro de sus políticas
recientes de humanización del parto, estimula los entrenamientos de esas
mujeres, en cooperación con ONGs. Algunos de esos entrenamientos son
llevados a cabo por feministas involucradas con la promoción de los
derechos ciudadanos y sexuales de las mujeres pobres. En este artículo se
analizan los relatos de parteras respecto del parto en sí y de las
relaciones de género. Por medio de la observación participante en cursos
realizados en el año 2000 y de entrevistas semidirectas, se pudo explorar
el universo simbólico de las parteras del Valle del Jequitinhonha, una de
las regiones más pobres del Brasil.
Although childbirth generally takes place in hospitals and clinics, there are still many regions in the world where women give birth in their homes with the assistance of midwives. In some remote rural areas of Brazil midwives help in childbirth according to techniques and knowledge from their beliefs systems. The WHO, within its recent policies aimed at the humanization of childbirth, encourages training courses for midwives in cooperation with NGOs. Some of these training programs are conducted by feminists devoted to the promotion of citizenship and sexual rights of poor women. This study analyzes the discourses of midwives on childbirth and gender relations during two courses in 2000 and through semi-direct interviews. This approach provided a unique opportunity for assessment of the symbolic universe of the peasant midwives in the Vale do Jequitinhonha, Brazil, one of the poorest regions in Brazil.
Fil: Tornquist, Carmen S. Universidad del Estado de Santa Catarina; Brasil.
Fil: Lino, Fernanda. Universidad del Estado de Santa Catarina; Brasil.
Although childbirth generally takes place in hospitals and clinics, there are still many regions in the world where women give birth in their homes with the assistance of midwives. In some remote rural areas of Brazil midwives help in childbirth according to techniques and knowledge from their beliefs systems. The WHO, within its recent policies aimed at the humanization of childbirth, encourages training courses for midwives in cooperation with NGOs. Some of these training programs are conducted by feminists devoted to the promotion of citizenship and sexual rights of poor women. This study analyzes the discourses of midwives on childbirth and gender relations during two courses in 2000 and through semi-direct interviews. This approach provided a unique opportunity for assessment of the symbolic universe of the peasant midwives in the Vale do Jequitinhonha, Brazil, one of the poorest regions in Brazil.
Fil: Tornquist, Carmen S. Universidad del Estado de Santa Catarina; Brasil.
Fil: Lino, Fernanda. Universidad del Estado de Santa Catarina; Brasil.
Keywords
Brasil, Cultura popular, Asistencia al parto, Relaciones de género, Valle del Jequitinhonha, Parto, Salud pública, Comunidades rurales, Parteras